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Curriculum Organizing Questions
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- How do vaccines help people to stay healthy?
- What structure or system is involved in this
disease?
- What are some ways to help people to not get
sick?
- Why is it important to have environmental monitoring
programs?
- What role do white blood cells play in your body's
defense system?
- What can you do to keep from getting this
disease?
- What are the factors that help determine how many
calories your body needs each day?
- Why are there laws prohibiting students from smoking
tobacco products?
- What good health habits does your family
practice?
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Elaboration
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To stay in good operating condition, the human body
requires a variety of foods and experiences. Specifics of
diseases can be used to illustrate the following ideas, but
students should not be forced to memorize a list of
diseases.
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Specific Ideas
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- The amount of food energy (calories) a person
requires varies with body weight, age, sex, activity
level, and natural body efficiency. Eating more calories
than are needed can cause weight gain. Benchmarks
6E1
- Regular exercise is important to maintain a healthy
heart / lung system, good muscle tone, and bone strength.
Benchmarks 6E1
- Toxic substances, some dietary habits, and some
personal behavior may be bad for one's health. Some
effects how up right away, others may not show up for
years. Avoiding toxic substances, such as tobacco, and
changing dietary habits to reduce the intake of such
things as animal fat increases the chances of living
longer. Benchmarks 6E2
- Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites may infect
the human body and interfere with normal body functions.
A person can catch a cold many times because there are
many varieties of cold viruses that cause similar
symptoms. Benchmarks 6E3
- White blood cells engulf invaders or produce
antibodies that attack them or mark them for killing by
other white cells. The antibodies produced will remain
and can fight off subsequent invaders of the same kind.
Benchmarks 6E4
- The environment may contain dangerous levels of
substances that are harmful to human beings. Therefore,
the good health of individuals requires monitoring the
soil, air, and water and taking steps to keep them safe.
Benchmarks 6E5
- Sanitation measures such as the use of sewers,
landfills, quarantines, and safe food handling are
important in controlling the spread of organisms that
cause disease. Improving sanitation has contributed more
to saving human life than any advance in medical
treatment. Benchmarks 8F1
- Disease is a breakdown in structures or functions of
an organism. Some diseases are the result of intrinsic
failures of the system. Others are the result of damage
by infection by other organisms. NSES C1f
- Vaccines induce the body to build immunity to a
disease without actually causing the disease itself.
Benchmarks 10I3
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Developmental & Instructional
Implications
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Students usually know about the marvels of modern
treatments, but not preventions, such as, sewer systems.
Because the health of populations depends more on public
health measures than on treatment, an effort should be made
to interest students in prevention, vaccination, and other
public health measures. Benchmarks p.206
Students focus on the physical dimensions of health and
pay less attention to the mental and social dimensions.
Wrong ideas about health may derive from cultural knowledge.
Benchmarks p. 346
Students may feel many factors are outside of their
control. Benchmarks p. 346
There are lots of ideas in this indicator. Breaking it
into smaller sections will be important.
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Examples
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