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Curriculum Organizing Questions
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- How did this change?
- What is still the same about this substance? What has
changed?
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Elaboration
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Students need to become familiar with the physical and
chemical properties of many different kinds of materials
through firsthand experience before they can be expected to
consider theories that explain them.
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Specific Ideas
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- Heating and cooling cause changes in the properties
of materials. Many kinds of changes occur faster under
hotter conditions.Benchmarks 4D1
- When a new material is made by combining two or more
materials, it has properties that are different from the
original materials.Benchmarks 4D4
- No matter how parts of an object are assembled, the
weight of the whole object made is alwasy the same as the
sum of the parts; and whn a thing is broken into parts,
the parts have the same total weight as the original
thing.Benchmarks 4D2
- Water can be a liquid or a solid and can go back and
forth from one form to the other. If water is turned into
ice and then the ice is allowed to melt, the amount of
water is the same as it was before freezing. NSES
B1c
- Substances react chemically in characteristic ways
with other substances to form new substances (compounds)
with different characteristic properties. In chemical
reactions, the total mass is conserved. SFAA p.47
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Developmental & Instructional
Implications
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Bringing atomic and molecular theory into the earlier
grades is a great temptation, but most students are not
ready to understand atomic theory before adolescence. The
theory is certainly essential to much of modern scientific
explanation, but moving atomic/molecular thoery forward to
the earlier grades should be resisted. Benchmarks 4D essay
p.77
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Examples
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