Science Curriculum Preview Committee Clarification of Learning Results

Revised 06/29/04

9-12

H9: Demonstrate an understanding that energy can be found in chemical bonds and can be used when it is released from those bonds.

Curriculum Organizing Questions

  • How do organisms store energy?
  • What evidence do we have for the idea that chemical bonds store energy?
  • How do plants play a role in capturing energy for earth's ecosytems?
Elaboration

The details of respiration or having students do thermodynamics calculations is not the intent here. Students should have a generalized idea that energy is stored in chemical bonds and that those bonds can yield useful energy.

Specific Ideas

  • Chemical reactions may release or consume energy. Some reactions such as the burning of fossil fuels release large amounts of energy by losing heat and by emitting light. NSES B3b.
  • The chemical bonds of food molecules contain energy. Energy is released when the bonds of food molecules are broken and new compounds with lower energy bonds are formed. Cells usually store this energy temporarily in phosphate bonds of a small high-energy compound called ATP. NSES C5c.
  • The breakdown of food particles enables cells to store energy in specific chemicals that are used to carry out the many functions of the cell. NSES C1b.
  • Plants and many microorganisms capture solar energy in the bonds of complex, energy rich organic compounds made from carbon dioxide and water. NSES C1e.
Developmental & Instructional Implications

Driver et al offer insight in to student misconceptions regarding chemical reactions on pages 85-91.

Examples

Back to Big Ideas Grid H
Back to Standard H
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